ABSTRACT
Background: Medical professionals are under tremendous stress due to various occupational stressors, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) geared toward patient care might look like a preferable solution in alleviating some amount of stress. Hence, the study assessed the level of awareness and perception of the ethical dilemmas of health professionals on intelligent computer programs in independent healthcare decision-making. Materials and Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional, non-interventional, and questionnaire-based descriptive study. This study was done in a Deemed to be University Hospital, Karnataka, India. Of the total 96 participants, 30 were medical participants, 36 were dentists, and 30 were nurses. A pretested and validated questionnaire was used to collect the participants’ responses. Results: Medical and nursing participants opined that intelligent computer programs can take both major and minor independent decisions in inpatient care when the physician is unavailable. The majority of the participants felt that in the decisions made by the intelligent computer programs, patients’ rights and wishes might not be respected, compromising autonomy. The majority agreed that computer-assisted information extraction helps in better treatment of patients causing beneficence. Medical and dental participants thought that intelligent computer programs cannot communicate well with patients, do not have a conscience, and can be hacked causing maleficence. Participants opined that the use of intelligent computer programs could serve justice in the form of equity and equality in health care. Conclusion: Breach of patient autonomy due to data mining, loss of confidentiality, and disrespect for patients’ rights and wishes are major concerns when AI takes independent decisions in health care. One of the most desirable outcomes of AI in health care could be an increase in equity and equality of the reach in health care to the rural population.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate anticonvulsant effect of Moringa oleifera on maximal electroshock (MES), pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and pilocarpine induced seizures. Methods: The ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves (200mg/ Kg) was used to study its anticonvulsant effect on MES, PTZ and pilocarpine induced seizures in Swiss albino mice. Suppression of the tonic hind limb extension, duration of convulsion, abolition of convulsions was noted respectively for the above tests. Results: The ethanolic extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves (200mg/ Kg) significantly (p<0.001) abolished the hind limb extension induced by MES. The same dose also significantly (p<0.001) protected the animals from PTZ induced tonic convulsions. None of the animals treated with same dose of plant extract reached the status epilepticus state in pilocarpine induced seizures. Conclusions: The data suggests that the ethanolic extracts Moringa oleifera leaves may produce its anticonvulsant effect via different mechanisms since it prevented the hind limb extension induced by MES, decreased the duration of convulsions produced by PTZ and abolished status epilepticus in pilocarpine induced seizures.